Healthy Literature
用於預防黃斑部病變和眼睛相關疾病的營養素
Nutrients for Prevention of Macular Degeneration and Eye-Related Diseases.
/ 文獻筆記 /
通過食用富含抗氧化劑的食物，補充劑和營養保健配方，可以降低黃斑變性的風險。花青素，類胡蘿蔔素（葉黃素，玉米黃質，和β胡蘿蔔素），維生素A，維生素C，維生素E，鋅和硒，這些營養素為對眼睛有益的抗氧化劑，可預防和治療黃斑變性和眼睛相關疾病。葉黃素和玉米黃質是最有效的抗氧化劑，用於預防或降低老化退化性黃斑部病變和其他與眼睛有關的疾病的風險。這些葉黃素的眼睛健康援助，並已被證明可以減少一些眼部相關並發症的風險。維生素A，C和E是最有效的維生素，可以降低黃斑變性的風險。然而，只有維生素A在人視網膜色素上皮細胞中起重要作用，而已知維生素C和E可作為抗氧化劑。除了這些維生素，鋅和硒等礦物質也被證明與眼疾有關。硒也是一種強效抗氧化劑，適量可以保護眼睛。
The risk of macular degeneration can be reduced through the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods, supplements, and nutraceutical formulas. This review focuses on the antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that have been reported for reducing the risk of macular degeneration and other eye-related diseases. Antioxidants including anthocyanins, carotenoids, flavonoids, and vitamins have been shown to reduce the risk of eye-related diseases. Anthocyanins extracted from berries are powerful antioxidants. Cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and petunidin are anthocyanin aglycones detected in berries, currants, and other colored fruits and vegetables. β-Carotene, as well as xanthophyll lutein and zeaxanthin, have been reported to reduce the risk of macular degeneration. Flavonoids from plants help in the prevention of eye-related diseases through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. A combination of these antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals possess a synergistic effect on the prevention or risk reduction of macular degeneration. Formulas have been developed as dietary supplements to cater to the high demand from consumers and patients with eye problems. Many of the formulated dietary supplements that are sold in the market have been clinically proven for their efficacy to treat eye diseases. Although the bioactivities in the supplement capsules or tablets have been scientifically established for reducing risks of several diseases, which include macular degeneration and other eye-related diseases, knowledge on the right dosage, efficacy, and bioavailability of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals is important for consumers. The information may help them make the best decision in choosing the right dietary supplements and nutraceuticals following the evidence-based recommended dosages and reference intakes for improving general health and preventing eye-related diseases. This review covers the potential causal factors involved in eye diseases, clinically proven treatments, and controversial findings on the antioxidants in the prevention of macular degeneration. Future studies should consider multiethnic and multicenter trials for eliminating potential bias in research.—文獻摘要
J Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Apr 2;8(4). pii: E85. doi: 10.3390/antiox8040085.—文獻出處
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30986936 文獻連結
